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Oct 31 2007
Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity PDF Print E-mail
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Wednesday, 31 October 2007
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The special relativity theory owes its origin principally to Maxwell's theory of the electro-magnetic field. This explains why his 1905 paper on relativity was entitled: "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies." "Electrodynamics" is the study of electric and magnetic forces, and in this paper Einstein was concerned with explaining the way that electric and magnetic fields act on moving charges and especially how these various actions are interrelated. He combined this with the empirical fact that there does not exist any physically distinguishable state of motion which may be called "absolute rest." The theory also discarded the absolute character of the conception of the simultaneity of two spatially separated events.

Up to that time the electric field and the magnetic field were regarded as existing separately although Maxwell's field equations gave a close causal correlation between the two types of field. But the special theory of relativity showed that this causal correlation corresponds to an essential identity of the two types of field. In fact, the same condition of space, which in one coordinate system appears as a pure magnetic field, appears simultaneously in another coordinate system in relative motion as an electric field, and vice versa. This reduced the number of independent hypotheses and concepts of field theory and heightened its logical selfcontainedness characteristic of the theory of relativity. For instance, the special theory also indicated as essentially identical conceptions' of inertial mass and energy. Thus the equation: E = MC^2




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